Quick Answer
Digital detox energy hygiene means clearing EMF stress and emotional residue from your aura by taking intentional breaks from screens, using protective crystals like black tourmaline, practising earthing, and building sacred tech-free time into your daily routine to restore natural energetic balance.
Table of Contents
- What Is Digital Detox Energy Hygiene?
- How Screens Affect Your Energy Field
- Signs Your Digital Life Is Draining Your Energy
- The Sacred Tech Sabbath: Weekly Energetic Reset
- Crystals for EMF Protection and Digital Cleansing
- Daily Digital Detox Practices for Energy Hygiene
- Creating a Sacred Tech-Free Space
- Rudolf Steiner's Approach to Etheric Rest and Modern Technology
- Reintegrating Technology Mindfully After a Detox
- Frequently Asked Questions
Key Takeaways
- Screens accumulate energetic residue: sustained EMF exposure, blue light, and emotional content from social media all layer onto the nervous system and aura, creating what energy practitioners call digital static that requires active clearing
- A daily 30-60 minute screen-free window is the minimum baseline for maintaining digital detox energy hygiene, with a weekly 24-hour tech sabbath providing deeper nervous system reset
- Black tourmaline and selenite are the primary crystals recommended for EMF protection and post-screen aura cleansing, backed by their piezoelectric and ionic properties respectively
- Earthing (barefoot contact with natural ground) is the fastest grounding practice for post-screen recovery, with peer-reviewed research showing measurable reductions in cortisol and inflammation after 20-30 minutes
- Rudolf Steiner taught that the etheric body needs genuine sensory withdrawal to regenerate, a principle that maps directly onto modern understanding of digital fatigue and the restorative value of tech-free time
What Is Digital Detox Energy Hygiene?
Digital detox energy hygiene sits at the intersection of two growing fields: the science of digital wellness and the ancient practice of keeping your energy body clear. On one side, researchers are documenting the measurable effects of screen overuse on sleep, mood, and cognitive function. On the other, energy practitioners have long taught that the human aura picks up and holds the energetic imprint of everything we encounter, including the electromagnetic frequencies pouring out of our devices.
Put simply, digital detox energy hygiene is the practice of deliberately clearing the residue left by technology use, restoring your natural energetic state through periods of tech abstinence, grounding rituals, protective tools, and conscious boundaries around device time.
This is not about demonising technology. Phones, laptops, and the internet are woven into modern life. The goal is a healthier relationship with these tools, one where you are in charge of your exposure rather than the algorithm deciding it for you.
Why Energy Hygiene Matters in the Digital Age
The average adult now spends over 7 hours per day in front of screens, according to DataReportal's 2024 Global Digital Report. That is more than 2,500 hours a year of sustained EMF exposure, blue light bombardment, and constant emotional stimulation from notifications, headlines, and social feeds. Traditional energy hygiene practices were developed in a world without this kind of sustained low-grade sensory assault. Updating those practices for the digital age is not optional for anyone serious about their energetic health.
How Screens Affect Your Energy Field
Understanding the physical mechanisms helps make sense of the energetic ones. Screens affect your body through several overlapping pathways.
Blue Light and Melatonin Suppression
The blue light emitted by screens mimics daylight frequencies, signalling to the brain's suprachiasmatic nucleus that it is still daytime. This suppresses melatonin production, pushing back the body's natural sleep-wake cycle. Disrupted sleep is one of the fastest ways to destabilise your energetic coherence, since the body's most intensive repair and energetic recalibration happens during deep sleep.
A 2014 study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that reading on light-emitting devices before bed delayed circadian timing by about 1.5 hours and reduced alertness the following morning. Over days and weeks, this accumulates into a chronic low-grade disruption of the body's regenerative capacity.
Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Exposure
Every wireless device emits non-ionising electromagnetic radiation. While the scientific debate about long-term health effects continues, the bioelectrical model of the human body offers a clear mechanism for concern. The body's own cellular communication relies on bioelectrical signals. Sustained exposure to external electromagnetic fields creates what some researchers describe as interference with these signals.
Energy healers describe this interference as a kind of static layering onto the aura, particularly around the head (from phones held to the ear), the hands (from constant touchscreen use), and the solar plexus (where many people hold their devices while scrolling). These areas correspond to energetically sensitive zones that benefit from regular clearing.
Emotional Contagion Through Social Media
Perhaps the most underrated form of energetic contamination from screens comes through the emotional content we consume. Social media platforms are designed to prioritise high-arousal content, outrage, fear, awe, and desire, because these emotions drive engagement. Scrolling through a typical social feed is an exercise in sustained emotional triggering.
Energy practitioners have a name for the process of absorbing others' emotional states: psychic imprinting. When you spend 90 minutes absorbing algorithmic content designed to keep you emotionally activated, you do not walk away neutral. You carry residue from hundreds of strangers' emotional broadcasts. This is why many sensitives and empaths report feeling depleted, anxious, or scattered after heavy social media use even when nothing overtly negative happened.
The Aura Under Digital Stress
In Thalira's understanding of the subtle body, the aura is the electromagnetic field surrounding and interpenetrating the physical body. It is sensitive to frequency, emotion, and intent. Sustained screen exposure creates layered distortions in this field: EMF static from the devices themselves, emotional imprinting from content consumed, and nervous system dysregulation from the constant dopamine triggering of notification culture. Digital detox energy hygiene addresses all three layers simultaneously.
Signs Your Digital Life Is Draining Your Energy
Before building a detox practice, it helps to recognise the signs that your digital habits are affecting your energy hygiene. Many people live with these symptoms so chronically that they assume they are just normal aspects of modern life.
- Morning brain fog: waking up unrefreshed even after adequate sleep hours, especially when you were on screens late the night before
- Emotional residue: feeling anxious, irritable, or vaguely sad after scrolling sessions without a clear external cause
- Difficulty being present: noticing your mind drifting to your phone during conversations, meals, or time in nature
- Sensory hypersensitivity: finding ordinary sounds, light levels, or social interactions overwhelming, which can signal a nervous system that is chronically over-stimulated
- Creative flatness: a decline in spontaneous ideas, imagination, or the ability to daydream productively
- Sleep resistance: difficulty winding down at night even when you are physically tired
- Physical tension patterns: persistent neck, shoulder, or jaw tightness correlated with device use
If three or more of these resonate, your current level of digital exposure is likely exceeding your body's natural clearing capacity. This is where a structured digital detox energy hygiene practice becomes genuinely useful rather than just aspirational.
The Sacred Tech Sabbath: Weekly Energetic Reset
The concept of a weekly day of rest appears in nearly every major spiritual tradition. Jewish Shabbat, Christian Sabbath, Islamic Jumu'ah, and Buddhist rest days all point to the same underlying wisdom: the human system needs a rhythmic pause from ordinary activity to regenerate.
Adapted for the digital age, the tech sabbath is a 24-hour period each week during which you power off or silence all non-essential devices. This is not just a productivity hack. It is a genuine energetic reset for the nervous system and the aura.
How to Structure Your Tech Sabbath
Choose a consistent day each week. Consistency matters because the body responds to rhythmic patterns, building anticipation of rest into its biological rhythms. Friday evening to Saturday evening, or Sunday from sunrise to sunset, are common choices.
Start the sabbath with a clearing ritual: burn sage or palo santo, place your devices in a drawer or box away from your usual spaces, and light a candle to mark the transition. This ritual boundary signals to your nervous system that a different mode is beginning.
Fill the time with embodied, low-frequency activities: cooking from scratch, walking in a park or forest, reading physical books, hand crafts, gardening, or spending unscheduled time with people you love without the distraction of phones at the table.
Practice: The Tech Sabbath Opening Ritual
At the start of your weekly tech sabbath, gather your devices in one place. Hold each one briefly, set an intention to return to it with greater clarity and boundaries, then power it down. Place a piece of black tourmaline on top of the pile as a symbolic guardian. Light a candle or incense. Take three slow breaths. Say aloud or internally: "I release the digital field. I return to myself." This 3-minute ritual creates a clean energetic break and trains your nervous system to associate the sabbath with genuine rest rather than deprivation.
What Happens Energetically During a Tech Sabbath
In the first few hours, most people experience a strange restlessness: the hand reaching for a phone that is not there, the impulse to check something. This is the withdrawal signature of a dopamine-conditioned nervous system. It passes within 2-3 hours for most people.
By midday, a quieter quality of awareness typically emerges. Sensory perception often becomes richer: food tastes better, sounds feel more distinct, the body's own signals become easier to read. This is the nervous system coming out of high-alert mode and returning to a baseline of genuine presence.
By the following morning, after a full night's sleep without a screen in the room, many practitioners report a quality of mental clarity and emotional spaciousness they had forgotten was possible. This is the state your energy body is designed to live in. The tech sabbath practice makes it accessible on a weekly basis rather than only during holidays or retreats.
Crystals for EMF Protection and Digital Cleansing
Crystal work for digital detox energy hygiene draws on two distinct properties: the crystal's electromagnetic characteristics and its traditional energetic associations.
Black Tourmaline
Black tourmaline is the most widely recommended crystal for EMF protection, and there is a physical basis for this recommendation. Tourmaline is piezoelectric, meaning it generates a small electrical charge when compressed or heated. This electrical activity is thought to create a natural frequency field that practitioners say interferes with disruptive external EMFs.
Energetically, black tourmaline is a stone of protection and grounding. It is associated with clearing the base chakra and establishing strong energetic boundaries. Place a piece near your router, under your desk at your workstation, or in your pocket during heavy device use days.
Selenite
Selenite wands work differently. Where black tourmaline blocks and deflects, selenite clears and purifies. Its high-vibration crystalline structure is associated with shifting dense or stagnant energy, making it ideal for post-screen aura cleansing.
After a long day of screen work, use a selenite wand by slowly moving it down through your aura from crown to feet, about 15-30 centimetres from your body. Intend that it is drawing out the accumulated electromagnetic static and emotional residue of the day. Then rinse the wand under cool water or leave it in moonlight to clear what it has absorbed.
Additional Crystals for the Digital Detox Practice
- Shungite: contains fullerene molecules with unique carbon chemistry; widely used in EMF shielding devices and as a workstation companion stone
- Smoky quartz: a grounding stone that transmutes negative energy; useful after heavy news consumption or emotionally activating social media sessions
- Lepidolite: contains lithium mica; associated with calming an over-stimulated nervous system and easing digital anxiety
- Amethyst: supports the crown and third eye chakras; helpful for restoring intuitive clarity after long periods of analytical screen work
Integrating Crystal Protection Into Your Digital Workspace
You do not need a crystal collection covering every surface. Start with a single piece of black tourmaline placed between you and your primary screen, and a selenite wand on your desk to use at the end of the day. This two-crystal system addresses the two primary energy hygiene needs of the digital worker: ongoing protection during exposure and thorough clearing after it. See our full guide to energy cleansing for a broader toolkit.
Daily Digital Detox Practices for Energy Hygiene
A sustainable digital detox energy hygiene practice does not require dramatic gestures. It is built from small, consistent daily habits that prevent accumulation rather than waiting for a crisis to prompt a purge.
The Screen-Free Morning Window
The first 30-60 minutes after waking are energetically distinct. Your aura is fresh from the regenerative processing of sleep. Your nervous system is in a receptive, low-stimulation state. Plunging straight into a phone screen overrides this natural window and starts the day's energetic account already in deficit.
Keep your phone out of the bedroom entirely, or at minimum across the room set to do-not-disturb. Use the first 30 minutes for grounding practices: bare feet on the floor or ground outside, a glass of water drunk slowly, 5 minutes of quiet breathing, or a brief body scan meditation. You will notice the difference in your baseline energy throughout the day within a week of consistent practice.
The Screen-Free Evening Wind-Down
The 60-90 minutes before bed represent the second most important daily window for digital detox energy hygiene. Blue light suppresses melatonin, but the energetic clearing benefit of this period goes beyond sleep science. The evening hours are traditionally understood as a threshold time, a natural transition between the outer world and the inner one. Protecting this window from screens keeps the transition clean.
Replace screen time in this window with anything that brings you into your body and senses: a bath or shower (add sea salt for aura clearing), light stretching or yoga, journaling, reading a physical book by warm light, or a brief grounding meditation. See our detailed grounding techniques guide for practices that work especially well in this window.
Micro-Breaks and the 20-20-20 Rule
During work hours, the 20-20-20 rule (every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds) was originally developed for eye health, but it doubles as a micro-grounding practice. Each time you look away from your screen, take two slow breaths and drop your awareness into your body for a moment. This prevents the energetic dissociation that accumulates from sustained hours of screen focus.
Notification Fasting
Notifications are the primary mechanism through which apps maintain a constant claim on your attention and nervous system. Each notification ping triggers a small cortisol and dopamine response. Over the course of a typical day, this adds up to hundreds of micro-activations of the stress response.
Notification fasting means silencing all non-essential notifications for defined periods each day, at minimum during meals, during focus work blocks, and during all tech sabbath time. Many practitioners extend this to all evenings after 7pm. The goal is to reclaim the initiation of your own attention rather than having it constantly hijacked by apps.
Practice: The Five-Minute Post-Screen Cleanse
After any extended screen session (90 minutes or more), practise this quick energy hygiene reset. Step away from your device. Shake your hands gently for 30 seconds to discharge the static that accumulates in the hands and wrists from device use. Hold your selenite wand or black tourmaline in your dominant hand for 2 minutes while breathing slowly. Visualise any grey or murky energy draining from your head, neck, and chest down through your feet into the ground. Drink a glass of water. This takes under 5 minutes and prevents the day-end accumulation that leads to digital fatigue and emotional flatness. For a comprehensive clearing ritual, visit our energy cleansing guide.
Earthing After Screen Sessions
Earthing (direct barefoot contact with the natural ground) is one of the most studied grounding practices, and its effects on the body's electrical state are measurable. A 2015 review published in the Journal of Inflammation Research found that earthing reduces inflammation, normalises cortisol rhythms, and improves sleep quality. From an energy hygiene perspective, earthing connects the body to the Earth's natural electromagnetic frequency (the Schumann resonance at approximately 7.83 Hz), helping to discharge the static accumulated from devices.
Even 20 minutes of barefoot walking on grass, soil, or sand after a long screen day produces noticeable energetic clearing. If you cannot get outside, a grounding mat connected to an earthed outlet provides a partial substitute.
Creating a Sacred Tech-Free Space
One of the most effective long-term strategies for digital detox energy hygiene is creating at least one physical space in your home that is consistently free of digital devices. This space becomes an anchor for a different mode of being, one tied to rest, presence, and energetic restoration.
Choosing and Setting Up Your Space
The bedroom is the most important room to start with, since sleep quality is so directly tied to energetic health. Remove all screens from the bedroom entirely if possible. If a phone must remain, keep it in a drawer set to do-not-disturb and ensure it is not the last thing you see before closing your eyes or the first thing you reach for in the morning.
Beyond the bedroom, a dedicated corner or small room for meditation, reading, and quiet practice can serve as a tech-free sanctuary. Keep it simple. A comfortable seat, some natural light, a plant, and a small arrangement of protective and clearing crystals is all you need.
The Crystal Grid for a Tech-Free Space
Place a piece of black tourmaline at each of the four corners of your tech-free room, pointed outward. This creates a basic energetic boundary that deflects disruptive external frequencies. Place a selenite wand or a selenite charging plate in the centre of the room or on your altar surface to maintain a high-frequency, clear atmosphere. Recharge the tourmaline pieces in sunlight monthly and the selenite in moonlight.
Rituals for Entering Your Tech-Free Space
A short transition ritual at the entry to your sacred space makes the energetic shift more distinct and more effective. This might be as simple as pausing at the doorway, taking one conscious breath, and setting an intention to leave digital mind behind. Some practitioners keep a small dish of water with sea salt by the door to dip their fingers into, a traditional clearing gesture found in many cultures.
Rudolf Steiner's Approach to Etheric Rest and Modern Technology
Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925) developed his philosophy of anthroposophy decades before the digital age, yet his model of the human being maps with remarkable precision onto the challenges of modern tech culture.
Steiner described the human being as having four bodies: the physical, the etheric (life body), the astral (soul body), and the ego (spirit). Of particular relevance to digital detox is his teaching about the etheric body's need for rhythmic rest and sensory withdrawal.
The Etheric Body and Digital Depletion
Steiner taught that the etheric body is the seat of life forces, the energetic template that organises physical health, memory, and vitality. It regenerates primarily during sleep and during periods of genuine sensory withdrawal. His lectures on spiritual science consistently emphasised that a soul flooded with external impressions, particularly those lacking intrinsic meaning or beauty, depletes etheric vitality over time.
From a Steiner perspective, the modern digital environment represents an unprecedented challenge to etheric health. The sheer volume of meaningless stimulation (algorithmic content, advertising, notification pings) drains the etheric body's regenerative resources faster than ordinary sleep cycles can replenish them. This maps onto what researchers now call "digital fatigue" or "technoference," the cumulative cognitive and emotional cost of constant connectivity.
Steiner's Practical Recommendations for Inner Life
Steiner recommended several practices that function as excellent templates for digital detox energy hygiene: regular review meditations (briefly replaying the day's events in reverse before sleep), periods of genuine inner quiet, rhythmic nature contact, and engagement with living art forms that feed the imagination rather than consuming it passively.
His concept of "inner schooling" described in How to Know Higher Worlds begins precisely with training the capacity to withdraw attention from the outer world and turn it inward. This is the foundational skill that compulsive digital use systematically erodes. Rebuilding it is both a spiritual practice and a digital wellness strategy. For further reading on how Steiner's teachings apply to contemporary energy work, see our article on digital detox and spiritual awareness.
Steiner's Rhythm Principle Applied to Tech Use
Steiner placed enormous emphasis on healthy rhythm as a foundation of etheric health. He observed that irregular, chaotic patterns of activity and rest create etheric exhaustion, while regular rhythmic alternation between activity and genuine rest builds etheric resilience over time. Applied to digital life: it is not just how much screen time you have, but whether it follows a regular, predictable rhythm with genuine off periods that allows the etheric body to fully disengage and regenerate. A consistent daily screen-off window, at the same time each day, is more beneficial etheropically than an irregular series of longer detoxes.
Reintegrating Technology Mindfully After a Detox
The risk of any intensive digital detox is the rebound effect: returning to screens after a break and sliding quickly back into the same patterns that made the detox necessary. Mindful reintegration is the part of digital detox energy hygiene that most guides overlook.
The Intentional Return
When your detox period ends (whether it is a 24-hour sabbath or a week-long retreat), do not pick up your phone the moment the timer runs out. Take at least 15 minutes of transition time. Go back through your grounding practice first. Drink water. Notice how your body feels in the quiet before you reintroduce the digital field.
When you do return to your devices, start with intention: what do I actually need to do here? A brief mental list before opening your phone prevents the reflexive drift into endless scrolling that is responsible for most energy-draining digital time.
Building Sustainable Tech Boundaries
Sustainable digital detox energy hygiene is not about periodic heroic abstinence followed by unrestricted use. It is about building lasting structural changes to your relationship with technology.
Practical structures that support ongoing energy hygiene:
- App timers: set daily limits on social media apps (15-20 minutes is sufficient for most purposes)
- Charging station outside the bedroom: eliminates the late-night and early-morning scroll cycles most reliably
- No-phone mealtimes: one of the simplest and most effective boundaries for reclaiming presence
- Single-tasking digital sessions: use your phone for one specific purpose, then put it down, rather than picking it up with no particular goal
- Weekly sabbath as non-negotiable: treat it like a health appointment you have committed to in your calendar
Tracking Your Energetic State
Keep a brief daily log (handwritten, not digital) noting your screen time, energy level, emotional tone, and sleep quality. Within 2-3 weeks, patterns become visible: which activities consistently drain versus restore, which times of day are most vulnerable to compulsive checking, and how directly sleep quality tracks your evening screen habits. This kind of self-observation is itself a spiritual practice in the Steiner tradition, the beginning of genuine self-knowledge.
You Have the Authority Over Your Own Attention
Every notification, every feed, every platform is engineered by teams of specialists to capture and hold your attention as long as possible. They are very good at it. But your attention is not a commodity to be harvested; it is the most intimate expression of your consciousness and your life force. Digital detox energy hygiene is ultimately the practice of reclaiming that authority. You decide what enters your field. You decide when to connect and when to be still. The tools are simple: a consistent morning window, a weekly sabbath, a piece of black tourmaline on your desk, a selenite wand at the end of the day, and the willingness to remember, again and again, that your natural energetic state is clarity, not static. See our full guide to grounding techniques to build the complete practice.
Digital Minimalism: Choosing a Focused Life in a Noisy World by Newport, Cal
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What is digital detox energy hygiene?
Digital detox energy hygiene is the practice of intentionally reducing screen exposure to clear electromagnetic stress and emotional residue from your aura. It combines periodic tech breaks with grounding rituals, protective crystals, and mindful boundaries around device use to restore your natural energetic state.
How does screen time affect your energy field?
Prolonged screen time exposes the body to blue light and low-frequency electromagnetic fields that can disrupt circadian rhythms, elevate cortisol, and create what energy healers call digital static in the aura. Research shows screens before bed suppress melatonin and raise stress hormones, which physically affects the body's recovery cycles.
What crystals help with EMF protection and digital detox?
Black tourmaline is widely used for EMF protection because of its piezoelectric properties, which create a natural electrical charge that practitioners say deflects disruptive frequencies. Selenite is valued for clearing accumulated energetic residue from the aura after heavy screen use. Shungite and obsidian are also popular choices.
How often should I do a digital detox for energy hygiene?
A daily 30-60 minute screen-free window in the morning and evening is a solid starting point. A full 24-hour tech sabbath once a week allows deeper energetic reset. Monthly extended detoxes of 48-72 hours offer the most thorough clearing for people who experience persistent digital fatigue, brain fog, or emotional numbness.
Can social media scrolling drain my energy?
Yes. Social media platforms are engineered to trigger dopamine responses and emotional reactions, which keeps the nervous system in a low-level stress state. Energy practitioners describe this as psychic noise accumulation. Studies on social media and wellbeing consistently show correlations between heavy use and increased anxiety, reduced focus, and emotional depletion.
What is a tech sabbath and how does it help energy hygiene?
A tech sabbath is a designated 24-hour period, typically weekly, where all non-essential digital devices are powered off or set to airplane mode. This practice allows the nervous system to reset, reduces cortisol accumulation, and creates space for embodied activities like cooking, walking in nature, and creative projects that restore energetic vitality.
How do I cleanse my energy after too much screen time?
After heavy screen sessions, try these steps: spend at least 20 minutes outdoors barefoot on natural ground (earthing), hold a piece of black tourmaline or selenite for 5-10 minutes while breathing deeply, take a salt bath or shower with sea salt to clear the aura, and perform a simple cord-cutting visualisation to release digital stress attachments.
What is electromagnetic field (EMF) stress and how does it relate to energy hygiene?
EMF stress refers to the physiological and energetic effects of prolonged exposure to electromagnetic radiation from devices like phones, laptops, and Wi-Fi routers. From a bioelectrical standpoint, the body's own electrical systems can be disrupted by sustained EMF exposure. Energy hygiene practices aim to mitigate these effects through grounding, shielding, and intentional tech boundaries.
Are there spiritual traditions that support digital detox practices?
Many traditions support regular withdrawal from external stimulation. Jewish Shabbat, Christian Sabbath, and Buddhist retreat practices all involve periods of stillness and non-engagement with the material world. Rudolf Steiner's anthroposophy emphasised that the human etheric body requires periods of genuine rest away from sensory overstimulation to maintain its regenerative capacity.
How can I create a sacred tech-free space at home for energy hygiene?
Designate one room or corner as a device-free sanctuary. Place protective crystals like black tourmaline at the room's entry points. Use natural materials like wood, stone, or plants to create a grounded atmosphere. Keep a bowl of salt or a selenite wand on a small altar. Establish a ritual of powering off devices when entering this space to signal a transition to a lower-stimulation state.
Sources & References
- Chang, A. M., Aeschbach, D., Duffy, J. F., & Czeisler, C. A. (2014). Evening use of light-emitting eReaders negatively affects sleep, circadian timing, and next-morning alertness. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(4), 1232-1237.
- Chevalier, G., Sinatra, S. T., Oschman, J. L., & Delany, R. M. (2015). Earthing: Health implications of reconnecting the human body to the Earth's surface electrons. Journal of Inflammation Research, 8, 83-96.
- Przybylski, A. K., & Weinstein, N. (2017). A large-scale test of the Goldilocks hypothesis: Quantifying the relations between digital-screen use and the mental well-being of adolescents. Psychological Science, 28(2), 204-215.
- Steiner, R. (1994). How to Know Higher Worlds: A Modern Path of Initiation. Anthroposophic Press. (Original work published 1904-1905).
- Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2019). Media use is linked to lower psychological well-being: Evidence from three datasets. Psychiatric Quarterly, 90(2), 311-331.
- Oschman, J. L., Chevalier, G., & Brown, R. (2015). The effects of grounding (earthing) on inflammation, the immune response, wound healing, and prevention and treatment of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Journal of Inflammation Research, 8, 83-96.