Sigil Magic: How to Create and Charge Sigils That Work

Updated: April 2026

Sigil magic encodes a specific desire into an abstract symbol, charges it through an altered state of consciousness, then releases it by forgetting the original intent. Invented by Austin Osman Spare around 1913 and systematized by chaos magic, it is the most widely practiced and accessible technique in modern Western occultism.

Last Updated: February 2026
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Key Takeaways
  • Austin Osman Spare invented the modern sigil method around 1913, deriving personal symbols from written desire statements rather than relying on pre-existing grimoire seals or planetary sigils.
  • The four-step process (statement of intent, letter reduction, glyph formation, charging through gnosis) can be learned in an afternoon, though mastery requires sustained practice with altered states.
  • Forgetting the sigil's original meaning is the step most practitioners struggle with, and Spare considered it the most important: conscious attachment to the desire actively interferes with its realization.
  • Advanced techniques include sigil shoaling (launching multiple related sigils together), linking sigils (chaining outcomes), and the hypersigil (an extended creative work that functions as a sustained magical operation).
  • The technique works regardless of which theoretical model you apply (psychological, spirit, information, or energy), which is why it became chaos magic's signature practice.

Austin Osman Spare and the Invention of Modern Sigils

Austin Osman Spare (1886-1956) was a London artist who trained briefly at the Royal College of Art, exhibited alongside the establishment, and then deliberately walked away from the art world to live in poverty in South London while developing his magical system. His The Book of Pleasure (Self-Love): The Psychology of Ecstasy (1913) contains the first clear description of what would become sigil magic's core technique.

Spare's starting point was the observation that the conscious mind and the subconscious (which he called the "Kia") often work at cross purposes. You consciously want something, but your subconscious beliefs, fears, and contradictory desires prevent it from manifesting. The harder you consciously try to get something, the more you activate the internal resistance against it. Spare called this the "lust of result," and he considered it the primary obstacle to magical success.

His solution was elegant: encode the desire in a form the conscious mind cannot easily read (an abstract symbol), implant it in the subconscious through an altered state (what he called the "death posture" or "neither-neither" state), and then forget it entirely so the conscious mind stops interfering. The subconscious, freed from conscious resistance, then works to manifest the encoded desire through channels the rational mind cannot predict or control.

This was a radical departure from every existing magical tradition. Spare did not invoke spirits, consult planetary hours, prepare elaborate ritual spaces, or follow ceremonial scripts. He sat in his flat in Brixton, drew a symbol, entered a self-induced trance, and let go. The simplicity was the point. If magic works through the subconscious mind (Spare's central thesis), then elaborate ceremony is at best unnecessary scaffolding and at worst a distraction that keeps the conscious mind engaged when it needs to be quiet.

Traditional Sigils vs. Spare's Method

The word "sigil" comes from the Latin sigillum, meaning "seal." In Western occultism before Spare, sigils were pre-existing symbols associated with specific spiritual entities or cosmic forces. The Keys of Solomon contains dozens of planetary sigils and spirit seals. The Sacred Magic of Abramelin the Mage provides word-squares that function as sigils. Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy (1533) catalogues sigils derived from planetary magic squares.

These traditional sigils share a common assumption: the symbol already exists in the spiritual or cosmic order, and the magician's task is to discover, reproduce, and activate it correctly. The power is in the symbol itself (or in the entity it represents), not in the magician's personal psychology. A Solomonic seal works because the angel or spirit it represents is real and responds to its visual signature.

Feature Traditional Sigils Spare's Method
Origin Discovered or received from spiritual tradition Constructed by the practitioner from personal desire
Power source The entity or cosmic force the sigil represents The practitioner's own subconscious mind
Technique Correct reproduction and ritual activation Letter reduction, gnosis charging, forgetting
Reusability Same sigil used by all practitioners for same purpose Each sigil is unique and single-use
Prerequisites Knowledge of tradition, often initiatory None beyond basic literacy and concentration
Cosmology required Yes (planetary, angelic, elemental hierarchies) No specific cosmology needed

Spare's innovation reversed the direction entirely. Instead of reaching upward to contact a pre-existing spiritual reality, his method reaches inward to the practitioner's own deep mind. The sigil has no inherent power. It is a delivery mechanism for getting a desire past the conscious mind's defences and into the subconscious, where (Spare believed) the real work of magical transformation happens.

This psychological reframing made sigil magic compatible with almost any worldview, which is precisely why Peter Carroll and the chaos magic movement adopted it as their signature technique. You do not need to believe in angels, demons, planetary spirits, or any specific cosmology to use Spare's method. You only need to accept that the subconscious mind influences outcomes in ways the conscious mind does not fully control, a claim that mainstream psychology would largely endorse.

Step 1: Writing the Statement of Intent

The statement of intent is where most sigil operations succeed or fail. A poorly written statement produces a poorly targeted sigil, and the results (if any) may not resemble what you actually wanted.

Rules for Effective Statements of Intent
  • Be specific. "I desire wealth" is too vague. "I desire a new client paying at least $5,000 for design work within the next 60 days" gives the subconscious something concrete to work with.
  • Be positive. State what you want, not what you want to avoid. "I desire to be free of anxiety" encodes "anxiety" as the central concept. "I desire calm confidence in social situations" points toward the actual goal.
  • Be realistic. Sigils that encode impossible outcomes (spontaneous physical transformation, resurrection of the dead) waste energy and breed cynicism. The best sigil targets sit at the edge of probability: outcomes that are possible but unlikely without intervention.
  • Use present or future tense. "It is my will that..." or "I desire that..." rather than "I wish I could..." The statement should encode certainty, not longing.
  • Include a timeframe when appropriate. Open-ended sigils can produce results years later when the original context has changed. A timeframe keeps the working focused.

The two most common formats are:

"It is my will that [specific outcome]" (Carroll's preferred format, emphasizing the exercise of will)

"I desire [specific outcome]" (closer to Spare's original language, emphasizing the encoding of desire)

Some practitioners use "This my wish to obtain [outcome]" or other personal variations. The exact phrasing matters less than the clarity and specificity of the content. Write multiple drafts if necessary. The statement of intent is the foundation, and a crooked foundation produces a crooked building.

Step 2: Letter Reduction and Glyph Formation

Once you have a clear statement of intent, the next step is to convert it into an abstract visual symbol. The standard method, directly from Spare via Carroll:

Example statement: "IT IS MY WILL TO FIND MEANINGFUL WORK"

Remove all duplicate letters. Write out the statement and cross out every letter that appears more than once, keeping only the first instance of each letter:

I, T, S, M, Y, W, L, O, F, N, D, E, A, G, U, R, K

Combine the remaining letters into a single abstract design. This is the creative step. Rotate letters, overlap them, mirror them, stylize them, combine their strokes. The goal is to produce a glyph that looks like a coherent symbol rather than a jumble of letters. The original letters should not be easily recognizable in the final design.

The Aesthetic Principle

Spare was an accomplished artist, and he insisted that the sigil should be aesthetically satisfying. A sigil you find visually compelling will hold your attention during the charging phase more effectively than one that feels arbitrary or ugly. Take time with this step. Redraw the sigil until it feels "right," a sensation that experienced practitioners describe as a subtle click of recognition.

Some practitioners use alternative reduction methods:

The word method: Instead of reducing individual letters, reduce the statement to its key words, then reduce those words to their initial letters, and form the sigil from those initials only.

The mantric method: Rearrange the remaining letters into a nonsense word or phrase that can be chanted as a mantra. "ITSMYWLOFNDEAGURK" might become "SMYF-KONDA-GREWLIT." This produces an auditory sigil rather than a visual one, and it is charged through repetitive chanting until the mantra becomes meaningless sound.

The pictorial method: Skip letter reduction entirely and draw a simple picture that represents the desired outcome. This is arguably closer to Spare's actual practice (he was a visual artist, not a logician), though the letter-reduction method is what Carroll codified and what most practitioners learn first.

Step 3: Charging Methods and Gnosis States

The sigil exists. Now it must be "charged," a term that means implanting it in the subconscious mind through an altered state of consciousness. Carroll called these altered states "gnosis," and he divided them into two broad categories that apply directly to sigil charging.

Inhibitory gnosis (reducing mental activity to near-zero):

  • Deep meditation: Meditate until the internal dialogue goes silent. When true mental stillness is achieved, open your eyes and stare at the sigil with total concentration. Hold this for as long as you can sustain the silence.
  • Sensory deprivation: A dark, quiet room. Earplugs. Extended stillness. When sensory input drops to near-zero, the mind enters an altered state naturally. Introduce the sigil at the deepest point.
  • Sleep onset: Stare at the sigil as you fall asleep. The hypnagogic state (the boundary between waking and sleeping) is a natural gateway to the subconscious. This is one of the gentlest methods and is recommended for beginners.

Excitatory gnosis (overwhelming the mind through overload):

  • Physical exhaustion: Exercise to the point of complete physical depletion. When the body has nothing left, the mind's defences drop. Look at the sigil at this point.
  • Intense laughter: Genuinely funny stimuli (not forced laughter) produce a moment of total cognitive disruption at the peak of a laugh. Flash the sigil at this peak.
  • Sexual arousal: Spare's preferred method. At the moment of orgasm, the rational mind is completely offline. Visualize or look at the sigil at this precise instant. This is the most commonly discussed method and also the most frequently misunderstood: the key is the altered state, not the sexual act itself.
  • Pain: Some practitioners use controlled pain (holding ice, physical endurance) to produce an excitatory state. This method carries obvious risks and is not recommended for beginners.
  • Spinning or hyperventilation: Controlled spinning (as in Sufi practice) or rapid breathing can produce a brief altered state suitable for charging. Both carry physical risks if taken too far.
The Quality of Gnosis Matters More Than the Method

Experienced practitioners consistently report that the depth of the altered state matters more than which method produces it. A shallow meditation produces a weakly charged sigil. A genuinely profound state of inhibitory or excitatory gnosis produces a strongly charged one. This is why Carroll emphasized gnosis training as the fundamental skill in Liber Null: without the ability to achieve genuine altered states, sigil magic (and most other magical techniques) will produce inconsistent results at best.

Step 4: Forgetting, the Hardest Part

Spare considered forgetting the most critical step, and it is the one that gives practitioners the most trouble. The logic is straightforward: if the conscious mind continues to dwell on the desire after the sigil has been charged, conscious interference (doubt, anxiety, obsessive checking for results) will prevent the subconscious from operating freely.

The problem is that trying to forget something is a paradoxical act. The instruction "don't think about a white bear" immediately produces thoughts of white bears. Spare knew this, which is why he recommended several strategies rather than a single approach:

Destroy the sigil after charging. Burn it, tear it up, flush it. The physical destruction creates a psychological boundary: the working is done, the tool has been consumed, there is nothing left to fixate on.

Create sigils in batches. Draw ten or twenty sigils for different purposes over a period of days. Mix them up. Charge them one at a time at intervals. By the time you charge the seventh sigil, you will genuinely have forgotten what the third one was for. This "shotgun" approach is one of the most effective methods for sidestepping the forgetting problem.

Use the "shoebox method." Charge the sigil, then put it in a box and do not look at it again. After a predetermined period (many practitioners use three months), open the box and destroy any sigils you cannot remember the purpose of. Sigils you can still decode were not properly forgotten, and you should either re-charge or abandon those workings.

Let time do the work. For practitioners who struggle with deliberate forgetting, the simplest approach is distraction: immediately after charging, engage in an absorbing, unrelated activity. Play a video game, go for a run, watch a film, call a friend. The goal is to give the conscious mind something else to process so that the sigil's meaning fades naturally.

Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them

Vague statements of intent. "I desire happiness" is not a magical operation. It is a mood. Specificity is not optional.

Lust of result. Checking daily for signs that the sigil is "working" is the most common way to sabotage a sigil operation. The moment you start looking for results, you have re-engaged the conscious mind with the desire, which is precisely what forgetting is supposed to prevent.

Weak gnosis. Many beginners attempt to charge sigils in a normal waking state, perhaps while feeling slightly relaxed. This is insufficient. Genuine gnosis requires either deep mental silence or genuine cognitive overload. If you were able to maintain a running commentary in your head during the charging, you were not in gnosis.

Overcomplication. Adding crystals, candles, incense, planetary timing, and ritual elements to what is fundamentally a simple technique is not wrong, but it risks missing the point. Spare's method works because it is direct. Each additional element adds more for the conscious mind to manage, which can actually reduce the quality of gnosis rather than enhancing it.

Neglecting foundational skills. Sigil magic is easy to learn and hard to master because the underlying skill (achieving genuine altered states of consciousness at will) requires training. Practitioners who skip Carroll's Liber MMM exercises (meditation, concentration, asana) and go straight to sigil work are building on an unstable foundation.

Advanced Techniques: Robofish, Linking Sigils, and Shoaling

As sigil magic spread through the chaos magic community and beyond, practitioners developed several extensions of Spare's basic method.

Sigil shoaling (developed by Gordon White): Launch multiple related sigils simultaneously, the way a school of fish moves together. Instead of one sigil for "get a new job," create a shoal: one sigil for "discover job opportunities in my field," one for "perform exceptionally in interviews," one for "receive a job offer above market rate." The sigils reinforce each other, and the subconscious can pursue multiple complementary paths rather than being locked into a single approach.

The robofish (also from White): Include in each shoal a sigil for something you know will happen anyway (a "sure thing"). When this sigil's target manifests, it creates momentum and confidence that supports the less certain sigils in the shoal. White named this after research showing that robotic fish can influence the direction of real fish schools.

Linking sigils: Create sigils whose outcomes depend on each other in sequence. Sigil A's result creates the conditions for Sigil B, which creates conditions for Sigil C. This is essentially project management applied to magical work, breaking a large goal into sequential smaller operations.

Sigil as wallpaper: Instead of charging and destroying, some practitioners display their sigils publicly (as art, tattoos, stickers, social media profile images). The theory is that every person who sees the sigil and briefly wonders about it provides a tiny charge. This approach contradicts Spare's emphasis on forgetting, but some practitioners report results with it, particularly for sigils related to influence or visibility.

The Hypersigil: Extended Magical Works

Grant Morrison introduced the concept of the "hypersigil" in his essay "Pop Magic!" (published in Richard Metzger's Book of Lies, 2003). A hypersigil is an extended creative work, a novel, comic series, album, film, art installation, or any sustained creative project, that functions as a magical operation over time.

Morrison's primary example is his own comic series The Invisibles (1994-2000), which he describes as a deliberate magical working in comic book form. Characters in the comic experienced events that Morrison claims subsequently manifested in his own life, including a near-fatal staph infection that coincided with one of the characters being captured and tortured. Morrison interpreted this as evidence that the hypersigil was working: the fictional narrative was influencing reality, but not in an entirely controllable way.

The hypersigil concept extends sigil magic's core principle (encode desire in a symbolic form, charge it, release it) into a much larger timeframe. Where a standard sigil is a single symbol charged in a single moment, a hypersigil unfolds over months or years. The "charging" happens through the sustained creative attention of both the creator and the audience. The "forgetting" happens naturally as individual details of a long work fade from active memory.

The Hypersigil in Practice

Creating a hypersigil requires genuine artistic skill and sustained commitment. A poorly written novel that is "really a magic spell" is still a poorly written novel, and the magical intent will not compensate for weak craft. Morrison's Invisibles worked (by his account) partly because it was genuinely compelling storytelling. The creative quality generates the audience attention that charges the working. Trying to create a hypersigil without being able to create good art first is putting the cart before the horse.

The Psychological Model: Why Sigils Might Work

The most widely accepted explanation for sigil magic's reported effects comes from psychology, specifically from models of how the subconscious mind influences behaviour and perception.

The argument runs as follows: the subconscious mind processes vastly more information than conscious awareness can handle. It notices opportunities, makes connections, and drives behaviour in ways the conscious mind does not track. When a desire is encoded in the subconscious (via the sigil process), the subconscious begins orienting the practitioner's attention and behaviour toward opportunities that serve that desire. You notice the job posting you would have scrolled past. You say the right thing in a conversation without knowing why. You make a decision that turns out to serve the sigil's purpose.

This is essentially the Reticular Activating System (RAS) theory applied to magical practice. The RAS is the brain's filtering mechanism that determines what reaches conscious attention out of the flood of available sensory data. When you buy a red car, you suddenly notice red cars everywhere, not because there are more of them, but because your RAS has been primed to flag them. A charged sigil, on this model, is essentially a RAS reprogramming tool.

This psychological explanation accounts for many reported sigil results without requiring any supernatural claims. It does not, however, account for all reported results. Practitioners regularly describe outcomes that are difficult to attribute to changed attention or behaviour alone: specific people contacting them unexpectedly, precise amounts of money arriving from unforeseen sources, highly improbable coincidences clustering around a sigil's target. Whether these reports reflect genuine acausal effects, confirmation bias, selective memory, or some combination is a question that sigil practice itself cannot resolve.

The Spirit Model: An Alternative Explanation

Not all practitioners accept the psychological model. The "spirit model," common in traditional occultism, holds that sigils work by communicating with external intelligences (spirits, the collective unconscious, the information field of reality itself). On this model, the sigil is not just a subconscious programming tool but a genuine signal sent into a responsive universe.

Some chaos magicians hold both models simultaneously (paradigm shifting in miniature), using the psychological model when it is more useful and the spirit model when that is more useful. This pragmatic agnosticism is characteristic of chaos magic's approach: the question "how does it actually work?" is considered less important than the question "does it produce consistent results?"

A third model, the "information model" (associated with Frater U.D., the German chaos magician), proposes that magic works through information transfer. The sigil encodes information, gnosis transmits it, and the information restructures probability in the physical world. This model borrows from quantum mechanics (particularly the observer effect) in ways that physicists generally consider illegitimate, but it has the advantage of bridging the psychological and spirit models: information could operate through either internal psychology or external reality manipulation.

Sigils in the Hermetic Context

Sigil magic's relationship with the Hermetic tradition is both direct and inverted. The Hermetic tradition has always used sigils, but in a fundamentally different way.

In classical Hermetic practice, a planetary sigil (say, the seal of Jupiter for prosperity) works because Jupiter's influence is a real force in the cosmos, and the sigil is its authentic signature. The practitioner who uses it correctly is aligning with cosmic law, not projecting personal desire. The power flows from the cosmos through the symbol to the practitioner.

Spare's method inverts this flow. The power flows from the practitioner through the symbol into the subconscious (or, on the spirit model, into the cosmos). There is no cosmic law being aligned with. There is only personal will being encoded and transmitted. The Hermetic Synthesis Course examines how these two approaches can be integrated rather than opposed.

An Interesting Convergence

Despite the theoretical differences, both traditional Hermetic sigils and Spare's chaos magic sigils require the same thing from the practitioner: a genuine altered state of consciousness during activation. A Solomonic magician who performs the ritual in a normal waking state without achieving actual spiritual contact gets poor results, just as a chaos magician who charges a sigil without achieving genuine gnosis gets poor results. The technique differs, but the underlying requirement (altered consciousness as the medium of magical action) is the same.

A Complete Practical Framework

For practitioners who want to begin working with sigils seriously, the following framework consolidates the key principles from Spare, Carroll, Hine, and subsequent practitioners:

Week 1-2: Foundation
  • Begin a magical diary. Record everything: practices, dreams, synchronicities, moods.
  • Practice concentration exercises daily: stare at a single point (candle flame, dot on paper) for increasing periods. Start with 5 minutes, add 2 minutes each day.
  • Practice meditation daily: sit quietly and observe your thoughts without engaging them. Note how long you can sustain mental silence.
Week 3-4: First Sigils
  • Write 5-10 statements of intent for minor, low-stakes desires (finding a specific book, having a good conversation with a particular person, receiving an unexpected compliment).
  • Create sigils for each using the letter-reduction method.
  • Mix the sigils up so you lose track of which is which.
  • Charge one per day using the gnosis method that works best for you.
  • Destroy each sigil after charging.
  • Record results in your diary over the following weeks.
Month 2 onward: Developing Range
  • Experiment with different charging methods (both inhibitory and excitatory).
  • Increase the stakes gradually. Move from trivial desires to moderately important ones.
  • Try the shoaling technique: launch groups of 3-5 related sigils with a robofish.
  • Keep detailed records. Over time, patterns will emerge: which methods produce results most reliably, which types of intent work best, which timeframes are typical.

The most important thing about this framework is the diary. Without records, you cannot distinguish genuine results from confirmation bias, you cannot identify which methods work best for you personally, and you cannot track your development over time. Spare kept detailed records. Carroll insists on them. Every serious practitioner maintains them. The diary is not an optional extra. It is the infrastructure that makes sigil magic a practice rather than a hobby.

Sigil magic's power lies in its directness. No intermediaries, no complex theology, no expensive equipment, just a written desire, an abstract symbol, an altered state, and the discipline to let go. Spare stripped Western magic down to its psychological core, and what he found there has proven remarkably durable. Whether you use sigils as your primary magical practice or as one technique among many, the method rewards seriousness, precision, and honest self-observation. Start small. Keep records. Build skill. The technique is simple. Mastering it is the work of years.

Recommended Reading

The Complete Guide to Binding Sigils and Spells: Rituals, Techniques, and Ancient Wisdom by Shade, Thaddeus

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is sigil magic?

Sigil magic is a technique for encoding a specific desire into an abstract symbol (a sigil), then charging that symbol through an altered state of consciousness and forgetting the original intent. Developed by Austin Osman Spare in the early 1900s and later systematized by chaos magic practitioners, it remains one of the most widely practiced forms of modern Western magic.

How do you create a sigil?

Write a clear statement of intent beginning with "It is my will that..." or "I desire..." Remove all duplicate letters from the statement. Arrange the remaining letters into an abstract design, rotating, overlapping, and stylizing them until the original letters are no longer recognizable. The resulting glyph is your sigil.

How do you charge a sigil?

Charging requires achieving a state of gnosis, an altered state where the rational mind is temporarily bypassed. Methods include deep meditation (inhibitory gnosis), physical exhaustion, rhythmic drumming or chanting, intense laughter, sexual arousal at peak, or any activity that pushes consciousness past its normal filtering. At the peak of the state, focus entirely on the sigil, then destroy or hide it.

Why do you need to forget a sigil after charging it?

Spare's theory holds that the conscious mind's attachment to a desire actually prevents it from reaching the subconscious, where magical change occurs. Forgetting the sigil's original meaning allows the encoded desire to sink below conscious awareness and operate without interference from doubt, anxiety, or obsessive checking for results.

Who invented sigil magic?

Austin Osman Spare (1886-1956) invented the modern sigil method, though the concept of magical sigils (symbols carrying spiritual power) dates back centuries in Western occultism. Spare's specific innovation was the technique of deriving personal sigils from written desire statements rather than using pre-existing symbols from grimoires or traditional systems.

What is a statement of intent in sigil magic?

A statement of intent is a clear, specific written declaration of what you want the sigil to accomplish. It should be phrased positively (what you want, not what you want to avoid), be specific enough to recognize if it works, and be within the realm of plausibility. Common formats include "It is my will that..." or "I desire..." followed by the specific outcome.

What is the difference between traditional sigils and chaos magic sigils?

Traditional sigils (from grimoires like the Keys of Solomon) are pre-existing symbols believed to represent specific spirits or cosmic forces. They are discovered or received, not created. Chaos magic sigils, following Spare's method, are personally constructed from desire statements. The power comes from the practitioner's own subconscious rather than from external spiritual entities.

Can sigil magic backfire?

Experienced practitioners warn about poorly worded statements of intent that produce unintended results. The classic example is a sigil for money that manifests as an insurance payout after an accident. This is why precision in the statement of intent matters. There is also the psychological risk of developing magical thinking patterns that replace practical action rather than supplementing it.

What is a hypersigil?

A hypersigil is an extended creative work (a novel, comic series, art project, or multimedia piece) that functions as a sigil over time. Grant Morrison coined the term to describe The Invisibles, his comic series that he claims functioned as a sustained magical working. Where a standard sigil is a single symbol charged in a moment, a hypersigil unfolds over months or years.

Do you need to be experienced in magic to use sigils?

Sigil magic is widely considered the most accessible entry point into practical magical work. The technique requires no special tools, no knowledge of traditional correspondences, no initiation, and no membership in any order. This accessibility is both its strength (anyone can begin immediately) and a potential weakness (practitioners may skip the foundational mental discipline that supports effective magical work).

Sources

  1. Spare, Austin Osman. The Book of Pleasure (Self-Love): The Psychology of Ecstasy. 1913; reprinted by various publishers.
  2. Carroll, Peter. Liber Null and Psychonaut. Samuel Weiser, 1987.
  3. Hine, Phil. Condensed Chaos: An Introduction to Chaos Magic. New Falcon Publications, 1995.
  4. Morrison, Grant. "Pop Magic!" in Metzger, Richard (ed.), Book of Lies: The Disinformation Guide to Magick and the Occult. Disinformation Books, 2003.
  5. White, Gordon. The Chaos Protocols: Magical Techniques for Navigating the New Economic Reality. Llewellyn Publications, 2016.
  6. Frater U.D. Practical Sigil Magic: Creating Personal Symbols for Success. Llewellyn Publications, 2012.
  7. Baker, Phil. Austin Osman Spare: The Life and Legend of London's Lost Artist. Strange Attractor Press, 2011.
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